Winner-Take-All Politics: How Washington Made the Rich Richer--and Turned Its Back on the Middle Class

A groundbreaking work that identifies the real culprit behind one of the great economic crimes of our time— the growing inequality of incomes between the vast majority of Americans and the richest of the rich. We all know that the very rich have gotten a lot richer these past few decades while most Americans haven’t. In fact, the exorbitantly paid have continued to thrive during the current economic crisis, even as the rest of Americans have continued to fall behind. Why do the “haveit- alls” have so much more? And how have they managed to restructure the economy to reap the lion’s share of the gains and shift the costs of their new economic playground downward, tearing new holes in the safety net and saddling all of us with increased debt and risk? Lots of so-called experts claim to have solved this great mystery, but no one has really gotten to the bottom of it—until now. In their lively and provocative Winner-Take-All Politics, renowned political scientists Jacob S. Hacker and Paul Pierson demonstrate convincingly that the usual suspects—foreign trade and financial globalization, technological changes in the workplace, increased education at the top—are largely innocent of the charges against them. Instead, they indict an unlikely suspect and take us on an entertaining tour of the mountain of evidence against the culprit. The guilty party is American politics. Runaway inequality and the present economic crisis reflect what government has done to aid the rich and what it has not done to safeguard the interests of the middle class. The winner-take-all economy is primarily a result of winner-take-all politics. In an innovative historical departure, Hacker and Pierson trace the rise of the winner-take-all economy back to the late 1970s when, under a Democratic president and a Democratic Congress, a major transformation of American politics occurred. With big business and conservative ideologues organizing themselves to undo the regulations and progressive tax policies that had helped ensure a fair distribution of economic rewards, deregulation got under way, taxes were cut for the wealthiest, and business decisively defeated labor in Washington. And this transformation continued under Reagan and the Bushes as well as under Clinton, with both parties catering to the interests of those at the very top. Hacker and Pierson’s gripping narration of the epic battles waged during President Obama’s first two years in office reveals an unpleasant but catalyzing truth: winner-take-all politics, while under challenge, is still very much with us. Winner-Take-All Politics—part revelatory history, part political analysis, part intellectual journey— shows how a political system that traditionally has been responsive to the interests of the middle class has been hijacked by the superrich. In doing so, it not only changes how we think about American politics, but also points the way to rebuilding a democracy that serves the interests of the many rather than just those of the wealthy few.

FRACKVILLE – The cause for the canonization of Father Walter J. Ciszek is now being helped by a historical commission headed by a local pastor

The Rev. J. Michael Beers, Ph.D., SSL, has been involved in efforts for Ciszek’s canonization since the early 1990s, when the cause was transferred from the Ruthenian Byzantine Diocese of Passaic to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Allentown. At the time, Beers was appointed by then-Bishop Thomas J. Welsh to be one of the theologians who reviewed the materials to be submitted to the Congregation for the Causes of Saints in Rome. The congregation oversees the process of reviewing candidates for sainthood through their writings and the testimonies of people who knew the candidate. The process determines if the candidate lived a life of “heroic virtue” that can be emulated by Catholics.

Currently, Ciszek has the title “Servant of God,” since his life and works are being investigated by the congregation in the process that could lead to – but is not guaranteed – his being named “Venerable,” then “Blessed,” and then “Saint.”

Born in Shenandoah, Nov. 4, 1904, Walter Joseph Ciszek entered the seminary and became the first American Byzantine Rite Jesuit priest in order to do missionary work in the Soviet Union. Shortly after entering the Soviet Union from Poland under an assumed name in 1940, he was arrested and accused of being a spy.

After spending five years in the infamous Lubianka Gulag in Moscow, he was sent to Siberia for hard labor. Throughout the ordeal, however, he continued to celebrate Mass and hear confessions at considerable personal risk. Overall, he spent 23 years in the Soviet Union.

When he was finally released in 1963 in a prisoner exchange between the U.S. and Soviet Union, he returned to his native parish, St. Casimir in Shenandoah, to celebrate a Mass of Thanksgiving. Ciszek spent the last 21 years of his life working with families and religious communities through counseling and retreat work.

He died Dec. 8, 1984, the Feast of the Immaculate Conception, and is buried at the Jesuit Novitiate in Wernersville.

“When Bishop Welsh started the commission to study the case of Father Ciszek for possible beatification and canonization, he asked Monsignor Jim Mulligan and me to serve as theologians for the cause,” Beers said. “I was teaching at Mount St. Mary Seminary (in Maryland) at the time. I had to read all of (Ciszek’s) works in English and German. I don’t read Russian, so those works were left to another person.”

About eight years ago, the materials by and about Ciszek were sent to Rome for study. After being appointed pastor of St. Joseph Church in Frackville in 2008, Beers began visiting the Father Walter J. Ciszek Center in Shenandoah, which is operated by the Father Walter Ciszek Prayer League. The league was formed to promote the cause for Ciszek’s canonization at the local level.

Beers began his new role with the cause after a visit to Rome by the Most Rev. John O. Barres, who became bishop of the Allentown Diocese in July 2009.

“When Bishop Barres went to Rome for one of his early visits, he had met with several people at the Jesuit Generalate and they were saying that the cause had met with a bit of a snag,” Beers said. “Most of the materials that we had put together on Father Ciszek came from Father Ciszek, from his books and writings. They really felt that they needed something more in the way of getting more testimony from outsiders who knew him.”

The search for people who knew Ciszek can range from locally to around the world.

“In the area, we have people like Wally Baran, who had known Father and who has helped gather the material from those who had known Father as a boy through adulthood,” Beers said. “That’s where we are right now.”

In order to get the work done, Barres formed the Historical Commission for the Cause of the Servant of God, Father Walter Ciszek, S.J., in November 2010.

“There are three of us on the commission,” Beers said. “One of the other two members of the commission is a Dutch Jesuit, the Rev. Marc Lindeijer, S.J., who is at the Jesuit Generalate in Rome. He’ll be representing a lot of our efforts with Rome. The third member of the commission is a Russian priest whose father was in one of the camps with Father Ciszek. It’s fascinating. His name is Father Victor Bilotas.”

Bilotas is from the Diocese of Novosibirsk, but is serving in Rome and working closely with Lindeijer. Beers keeps in touch regularly to discuss the progress.

“It’s the three of us who are trying to assemble the material that will supplement what had been done already – and done very well – but incomplete with regard to the testimony we need,” Beers said.

In addition to his commission work, Beers takes on the pastorate of St. Ann and Annunciation BVM churches in Frackville. He is making adjustments to work with his new parishes, particularly in the pastoral duties with Mass and other schedules. He will continue to live at the St. Joseph Church rectory and the office at Annunciation parish will also remain open.

Did President Obama and Democrat Senators Miss-Speak - Corporate Jet Dilemma

Some or should I say most believe that corporations have lavishly spent in excessive ways on the backs of labor and the price gouging of consumers and customers. But, I ask is this so? We've certainly seen the blunt of this attitude in the US Congress, Senate and even with the President as they decry the use of corporate jet aircraft.

One might tend to agree with these politicians, even if the President of the US flies in the largest Corporate Aircraft in history; a 747 called Air Force One! We also know that many lobbyists have corporate jets at their disposal and fly our legislators and families to Caribbean Islands for important meetings. Sound like hypocrisy to you? It sure does to me.

Currently, all this negative talk about corporate aircraft has some serious consequences right now in the aviation sector. More than 8,000 aircraft manufacturing employees have lost their jobs. Why, because of comments made by the elected President of the United States of America and our legislators. I think those employees deserve an apology.

President Obama has very much hurt investor and consumer confidence in our country while trying to get his stimulus package passed and while he and his team have been working the media for their own political agendas, endeavors, political payoffs and future, their very words have made things worse. That is completely unacceptable in my professional opinion.

If you will recall for 21-months Obama talked down our economy, now that he is elected and in-charge, rather than giving "the hope" he promised he continues to drive down the market, confidence and has us teetering on a mega-crisis. And in no sector of our economy is that more apparent than in the Corporate Jet industry. Thanks a lot.

Thr 10 Greatest Best Airplanes of All Time and The Reasons Why They Rock

The following basic list contains some of the most historically significant flyers on record to hopefully result in a decent representation of the top ten best airplanes of all time.

1. The Wright Brothers' 1903 Flyer

Of course, the number one in the top ten best planes of all time would have to be the Wright Brothers' Flyer as it was the first one period. The two brothers built this small and very fragile plane from scratch and rough blueprints. Charlie Taylor built the engine which was also fuel injected. The Wright Brothers' flyer took flight on December 17, 1903 from the lovely Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. It barely made the flight, but it was still the first airplane that actually took flight. They then went on to improve their planes, take longer and higher flights, and sold the first patents.

2. The Junkers F.13

The Junkers F.13 was a brand new wonder all on its own. It was born in Germany in 1919 and was the first all metal flight apparatus that was also capable of carrying four passengers. The Junkers F.13 went on to do some brief war time flying and then a large commercial period was enjoyed until 1926, went it was sold to Lufthansa.

3. The Boeing 314

This beauty is of a rare kind; born in 1938, it was a long range flying boat. The "Super Clipper" was built to be used as a sort of cruise liner for the first class. This took place for three years, and then the Clipper did a brief stint of shuttling during World War II. She was finally retired in 1946 upon the advent of the DC4. This was a welcome change for the sea pilots of the Clipper as they had long been complaining of how dangerous the plane was.

4. The Enola Gay

The Enola Gay is infamous for her role in the atomic bomb drop over Hiroshima, Japan in 1945. Its code name was "little boy", but the now famous moniker was given to the plane by the bomber pilot - it was his mother's. The Enola Gay is currently enjoying retirement in the National Air and Museum; this is following years of controversy and moves, as well as a few restorations.

5. Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15

The MiG-15 was developed by two men in the USSR in 1947. It was used as the first swept-wing jet fighter in wartime flights over Korea. It enjoyed an illustrious history in the Cold War as the US fought to obtain its blueprints in virtually any manner possible. The Mikoyan-Gurevich was the prototype for the MiG-17, and it did hold the title (until recently) of the highest manufactured plane ever with numbers built of over 18,000, with some still operable.

6. Sikorsky S-55

The S-55, or Chickasaw, was first flown in 1949 and utilized by the US Army and the US Air force. It was eventually put into use by all branches of the US military. It was a multi-purpose helicopter used in the Korean War.

7. Cessna 172

The Skyhawk is a four seater with fixed wings developed in 1955. It rivals the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15, with current numbers at 43,000 and continued production. The Skyhawk enjoys an illustrious history involving good and bad due to the sheer numbers of these planes built; some of these were termed incidents and others are still talked about as they were accidents involving fatalities.

8. Learjet 23

This lady is a business jet with twin wings and a maximum capacity of eight. It was known for its high speed. Production of the 23 was stopped in 1966 after 104 models had been produced. There may still be a few in operations.

9. Boeing 747

The 747 may well be the best known aircraft the world over. She was the first wide body jet introduced in 1969 and was named "jumbo jet". She carried the distinction of the highest passenger capacity for an amazing 37 years. She has been used by the government and the military, and although numerous variants have been built since her inception, she is still in flight.

10. General Atomics MQ-1 Predator UAV

This interesting addition to the list basically flies itself. It has been in operations since 1995 by the US Air Force and has been a participant in multiple and varied wartime operations. The unmanned Predator is primarily a reconnaissance role and fire protector of US military and government operations. It enjoys a well known record, yet because of its military and political ties, not every detail is known to the general public.

The above list attempts to list ten of the major players in the history of aircraft. There are different variations on this list worldwide, and they are changed frequently due to human opinion and new developments in the flight world. These are at least a good look at the top ten best airplanes of all time.

Santa Claus Hit by Aircraft While Pilot Was Text Messaging - No Christmas This Year

There will be no Christmas this year, so please tell your children, unfortunately, Santa's Sleigh and rain deer were taken out during a routine training mission the other day over New York City. Unfortunately, I am sad to say, there was a Mid-Air Collision with an Airliner full of passengers on their way to Upstate to get flu shots because they ran out in the city. The aircraft took off from La Guardia and climbed to approximately 4,200 feet AGL (above ground level) according to the NTSB (National Transportation Safety Board) where it struck Santa Claus.

The visibility was not a factor, as it was a perfectly clear day. The pilots did not see the Bright Red Sleigh or rotary beacon, or even the flashing red nose of Rudolph. Apparently, they were busy text-messaging to Paris Hilton's Twitter account, while the other was talking to a real estate salesman about buying a new Lake Tahoe second home REO, which was heading into foreclosure.

"Oh, it was just a horrible mess and most of the rain deer were sucked into the large engines," said Margret Morgan-Winthrop a first class passenger on the jet. She also said, "But, the engines didn't quit because they are GE Jet Engines and did I tell you, I have stock in GE. Too bad Santa wasn't using GE Engines too, instead of that old rain deer technology, he really should have upgraded," she added.

The pilots claimed the passengers were never in danger and they did not overfly the airport like the other incompetent crew recently, nor did they have to ditch in the Hudson, because this was a Boeing Aircraft, and even with the debris in the engine from all those rain deer, the airliner continued on its way. At first, the FAA assumed it was a terrorist strike from an Islamic Radical group which hijacked a business jet, so they shut down the national aviation computer system, claiming it was a glitch.

Later, they turned it all back on, thankfully, so no one else was inconvenienced. Unfortunately, as you know Santa is gone and there will be no Christmas this year. Santa Claus LLC is seeking Stimulus Bailout money to prevent a bankruptcy now in light of this news.

Diamond Minds, Blue Skies - On the Train from New York to London, Don't Look Down

It will take some brilliant thinking, a collection of diamond minds, to ever hope to bring us back to blue skies, nothing but blue skies, all day long. We enjoyed that in our happy days youth, before all the modern progress. Then, it seems, we matured away from the massive amounts of humanity that traveled by train up into the 1950 era. Never since has America or the world had more people on the move, on the train, on their way from coast to coast with no refrain. We see movies of that era, which makes us nostalgic.

Our cloudy skies have shown us very dramatically, what causes what, when. During the horrible days after 9/11 when all air traffic in America shut down, the skies became blue. Not all the existing dirty coal plants and SUV's could make up for the kerosene spittle that creates that poisonous trail that follows each jet. What does that cloud, if added to a coming rain cloud do? That is right, it rains kerosene on me, and on you.

It should make us want to get more back to that, when a soldier did not need to own and drive a car to from New York City to the coast. He was on the train, could enjoy dinner as civilized people, get together and get up a band, swing and sing happy, and all love the plan. We were up for whatever, our side was the good. We were fighting for freedom, we all understood. We were in this together, none better, none worse.

And we were in this together, as we surely are now.We have a poisoned world with a Global Warming fever, which is as evil to our human existence as was Hitler and Tojo. We need to ensure all three are taken away in a hearse, filled with flowers grown in clearing blue skies.

And we did this together, all on a train. If we ever want blue skies and fun travel, can we do that again? Imagine America's jet makers,instead create great new jet trains, getting together with train types to make great jet trains. As long as they are clean and not dirty, as the point of all this, it is always more exciting to fly low and be amazed at the terrain. But here is my advice, sincere and to you. When those French type trains like aircraft on rails, take you from Switzerland to Paris, look out, don't look down.

The far away scene is of foreign, exotic castles and towns. Keep your eyes steady, for if you do look down. You get quite dizzy as you see the bushes fly by. Narrow vision can make you quite ill, even if you don't try. So the moral in this story is set your sites high. And there is no more exciting way to see from London to Istanbul, is watch it go by. When you channel tunnel from London to Paris the trip is half the journey.

You serenely see for yourself the cottages and fields in south England. When you arrive at the English channel, you do not even see the sea, but soon all goes dark, lights come on, train rumbles on, and when you emerge, you have entered an entirely different world. You see it right away, it is farming country with an occasional French chateau, or cottage.

That bullet train is a wonderful experience that allows you much easier than a flight, to build your sense of this new world, and you see the people and their homes and different automobiles and ways of being. It is wonderful. Imagine this experience all the way in peace, to Istanbul, which now can be completed, and then around the world. The next channel tunnel would be some magnificent world historically destined wonder of the world, the channel bridge tunnel between mainland Siberia to Nome.

China Sole Manufacturer of Material for U.S. Missiles

It was in his 2003 State of the Union Address that President George W. Bush expressed his administration's objective to "strengthen global treaties banning the production and shipment of missile technologies." It was thereafter, between 2003 and 2004, in which the Committee on Foreign Investments in the United States (CFIUS) allowed the last manufacturer in the U.S. that provided a key element instrumental in cruise missile guidance, to be relocated to the Peoples' Republic of China.

During this week's U.S. visit of China President, Hu Jintao, and his meetings with President Bush and his advisors, it would be apropos to revisit a strategic corporate deal which occurred over a period of several years. With its finality in 2004, the U.S. now remains totally dependent upon China for key rare earth metals and their production necessary in the manufacture of the most crucial of U.S. military warfare.

The CFIUS decision in January 2006, regarding the approval of the Dubai Ports World Company, to take over port operations of the six largest East Coast ports in the U.S., not only raised many U.S. Congressional eyebrows but set off a strew of newly proposed legislation, to include more transparency between CFIUS and the U.S. Congress. But CFIUS has long had a precedent of approving such business transactions, and the ports deal was only the latest of such. As the deal approval became known to the public via AP reporter, Ted Bridis, in February 2006, apparently even he was more in the loop than the lawmakers on Capitol Hill. However, there have been close to 2,000 other deals approved by CFIUS since its inception in 1988, many of which should have involved and concerned the U.S. Congress much sooner.

It is the lack of accountability of the secret CFIUS committee, presided over by the Secretary of the Treasury, which has only of late concerned the U.S. Congress, and with its machinations just recently disclosed to the public. And it was the Dubai Ports deal which exposed the seemingly arbitrary fashion, and unanswerability to any other branch of government which was disturbing. For the decisions CFIUS makes ultimately becomes the responsibility of the U.S. federal government, while possibly compromising its best interests, including U.S. national security.

As it is, the Department of Defense has problems procuring necessary equipment and manufacture of parts from foreign entities, where national security must be weighed over acquisition of parts from offshore. Yet at the same time, the U.S. government has pushed the concept of global trade, often in direct conflict with the protection and national security of the U.S.

Producing powered neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets is critical to enabling control of aircraft and more specifically cruise missiles guidance systems as well as the Joint Direct Attack Munition or JDAM bomb, used prominently in the 2003 bombing of Baghdad, which preceded arrival of U.S. ground troops there. Magnequench UG, although still headquartered in Indianapolis, IN, is the sole provider of specialized magnets for military aircraft systems. But it closed down its manufacturing arm permanently in 2004 and finished relocating operations to China at that time, with its operations now solely controlled by Chinese companies with direct ties to the Chinese government.

Magnequench magnets are produced from a unique patented process of sintering specialty metals. They are used by various electronics and aviation companies, but Magnequench's primary client is the Pentagon, leaving the U.S. in a rather precarious position with China. Enjoying 85% ownership of the world's market of rare earth metals, required for its magnet production, Magnequench's factories are now located in Batou, China. It is there that the world's only operating rare earth mine exists. Thus, China now owns a monopoly on the manufacture of missile magnets which the U.S. military is dependent upon for its most sophisticated technology and weaponry.

Magnequench's relocation culminated following several years of what started out as a General Motors subsidiary company in 1986. General Motors was responsible for the development of the manufacture of a permanent magnet material in the early 1980's and began its production in 1987. In 1995, Magnequench's majority interest was purchased from General Motors by the Sextant Group, which was comprised of two Chinese companies, San Huan New Material and the China National Non-Ferrous Metals Import and Export Corporation. It is reported that few in the industry or in the federal government knew which companies formed Sextant at that time.

Three years later, after commitment from Magnequench CEO, Archibald Cox, Jr., that its two Indiana-based plants would not be shuttered, its assembly line for magnets in Anderson, IN was shipped to China. In 2000, GA Powders, a subsidiary of Magnequench, originally a Department of Energy project, was relocated from Idaho Falls, ID to Tianjin, China. And in 2004 Magnequench's other Indiana plant in Valparaiso, IN, responsible for production of elements of the JDAM bomb was shut down and shipped to China. Although there was an "agreement with GM" from Cox that the plant would remain in Anderson, IN according to Clyde South, a negotiator for the United Auto Workers Local 662, Magnequench proceeded to eliminate all of its domestic manufacturing jobs anyway.

Under the 1988 Exxon-Florio Amendment to the Defense Production Act, President Bush could have ordered San Huan New Materials to divest its holdings in Magnequench, as it manufactured a strategic asset. The President was pressed to do so by Congressman Even Bayh and Congressman Pete Visclosky, both of Indiana in 2003, but the President chose not to intercede. In 1990, however, President George H.W. Bush ordered China's government-owned National Aerospace and Export Company to divest its interest in Mamco Manufacturing of Seattle, WA. At that time it was feared that China would use Mamco to acquire its jet fighter technology.

In addition to this particular example of guidance missile manufacture, the acquisition of titanium is also becoming a problem for the military in procuring spare parts and for its manufacture of its aviation vehicles. The Pentagon continues to have conflicts with the Congress on waiving the Berry Amendment. Enacted in 1941 and updated in 1972, it requires that specialty metals, including rare earth metals, titanium and super alloys, be manufactured in the U.S. for its weapons systems, unless otherwise unattainable. But as more and more American companies relocate offshore, the lines drawn become less and less clear.

And while not appropriate to put the blame of the offshoring of strategic assets on any particular President or branch of government at this time, it is appropriate, however, to see how various factions of the three branches of government, along with the loosening of corporate and industry regulations over the years, have cumulatively jeopardized the interests of the U.S. It is important that lawmakers therefore not become hawkish over the observance of our laws only when it becomes convenient to win political capital, but to how best serve the interests of the U.S. For the ramifications of business as usual when it comes to strategic assets could do irreparable future harm to America's most vital asset, that being the American people.

Diane M. Grassi is a freelance columnist, reporting and writing commentary on current events of the day providing honest and often politically incorrect assessments. From U.S. public policy to Major League Baseball, she is an eclectic thinker, and demanding of her readers to reflect on their own thinking patterns from an alternative perspective. Whether you agree with her or not, Diane M. Grassi will have you coming back to note her opinions, and if at best she wakes you up, then her goal will have been accomplished.

The Spread Offense - Running Game

When people hear "spread" they think of the passing game. The truth is the spread running game can be lethal. A few years ago I coached at a school that made a run to the Texas high school state championship game. We put the spread in not because we thought we would dominate in the passing game but because we knew the team would be a great running team.

The spread has become the fastest growing offense at the high school level. I wonder how many truly understand all facets of the offense. When done properly it can be similar to a full court press in basketball and it will slowly wear the other team down. The running game is an integral part of becoming a complete offense. Coaches need to rep running as much or more than the passing game and few understand this.

There are three basic schemes for the offense line to learn inside zone, outside zone, and the counter trey. On some level this may seem simple. Unfortunately all three concepts are tremendously different and often offense lines will struggle to be good at all three.

In a typical doubles alignment there are four wide receivers and one running back. The running back usually is set away from playside. So for example if a team is running "2-Base" then the back will be aligned to the quarterback's left and will crossover and attack the 2 hole and is always looking for a cutback lane. The back should be thinking bend or bang and has to read on the run. Often the hole will develop backside and as result no player should think they can take a playoff. Many times a back may end up backside and if the inside receiver is not doing his job his guy will make a touchdown saving tackle!

The foundation of the spread's running game is the zone read. As the back crosses over the quarterback's eyes are on the backside end. If the end closes the quarterback will pull the ball and run out the back door. If the end stays disciplined or slow plays then it is an automatic give. In this article I will focus on the responsibilities of the quarterback and runners and I will talk about line play in a later article.

Again repetition is critical. Many quarterbacks will guess. They have to read on the run and react to what the defense is giving the offense. 2/3 base is the foundation running play for the spread offense. The quarterback counter trey works off of base and should be learned together with 2/3 base.

Quarterback counter trey will look like 2/3 base but there is no read. If the play call was 4 QB counter trey, then the back would align to the right cross over and fake 3 base. The quarterback does not need to ride the ball to back, just let him cross. Backside guard and tackle will pull. The guard will kick the playside end and the tackle will seal on the linebacker. Playside linemen will down block. Let me say here that head up "4" techniques are difficult to counter because it's tough to execute a down block.

One of the most common errors by the quarterback will be for him to try and run wide. This play is tight and will be from backside B gap to play side B gap. I promise this play will not work if the QB is not disciplined. He must trust his offense line and be patient. If 2/3 base have successful the QB counter will be successful too.

Now 4/5 counter can be run by the back as well. The QB can read this like he does 2/3 base. Often when the backside defensive end sees backside linemen pulling he will close and the QB will have an opportunity to pull the ball. If a team wants to be successful in the spread running game they must become efficient at the counter. It is a miss direction play that keeps the backside honest.

Often inside linebackers will cross key. Tendencies for most spread teams show that a majority of time if the back is away the running play is coming to you. One way to keep them honest is to mix up the running back's alignment. Align the back playside on counter some. This takes away the QB's read but break's the crossover tendency. But if your team runs counter well this will hurt them keying crossover tendencies.

The third running scheme is outside zone. There are three outside zone running plays and they involve the wide receiver, running back, and quarterback. Outside zone keeps defensive ends honest. And just as inside zone and counter work together so can counter and outside zone. Some teams won't widen the end but will use an outside linebacker to split the difference between an inside receiver and the tackle. (This is where the bubble is important).

Having success running outside zone will cause defensive ends to widen which makes them prime targets to be kicked by pulling guards when running counter. The most difficult type of outside zone play and the hardest to time is the jet sweep.

The QB will start the inside receiver in motion and just before he arrives at the QB ball will be snapped and handed to him running full speed. Once this play is perfected it opens up many other possibilities in both running game and passing game. Offensive linemen will cut backside and stretch playside. It is easy for offensive line coaches to over coach this. Teach your linemen to work to the playside arm pit and stay engaged! It is a fast play and penetration is about the only thing that can cause problems. Playside receivers play a large role in the success of this play.

If a team is running man coverage I would crack both playside receivers. As they attack the crack path they will block their men by running them out of the play. A cover 2 squat corner can difficult but the receiver must learn to occupy. Receivers need to learn the same concept as playside linemen, stay engaged. Let your back be a back!

The final outside zones are 8/9 zone and 8/9 QB zone. Offensive line has the same responsibility as jet sweep. 8/9 zone the back will cross over the QB will zone read. 8/9 zone the back will cross over and the QB will attack the perimeter.

I have talked about three schemes with many different looks out of one formation. That is the tremendous advantage of the spread. Good coaches will mix it up and stay away from tendencies. There are several pass plays that work off these run plays to keep defenses honest.

A good offensive coach puts himself on the defensive side and asks the question, "What would give me problems then implements it." The beauty of the spread is that once you have run it a while you understand its simplicity.

It's my belief in high school football a coach could run five or six running plays out of the spread and five or six pass plays and be successful. That is dependent on play calling but most importantly on execution. Limit the number of plays and formations so you rep the core plays and become proficient! Often you will find out adding plays and formations to fool the defense will likely just fool your offense!

Machining Jobs

Machining refers to the basic process of cutting parts out of a work piece according to predetermined size and shape. Machining jobs are performed using different types of machining techniques such as laser machining, wire electrical discharge machining (EDM), Chemical etching machining, metal stamping machining, water jet machining, and abrasive water jet machining.

Most of the machining jobs are controlled with the help of computer numeric control (CNC) software that guides the cutting equipment along the lines and arcs of a computer aided design (CAD) drawing. The CAD drawing is a three dimensional (3D) graphic representation of parts that are to be fabricated.

Apart from cutting parts from work pieces, machining jobs also include the process of "grinding." Grinding is a process in which a grinding belt or wheel is rubbed against the work piece for removing unwanted material from it. The process is commonly used for fabricating metal pieces that are too hard to be machined by other machining processes. The work piece does not heat up during this process as water is used to cool it. "Drilling" is another machining job, which involves the use of a drill or a drill press that has a drill bit for cutting parts from a work piece.

Machining jobs may include "milling," wherein the milling machine resembles a drill press and the cutter looks like a drill bit that goes downwards in the piece to be cut. However, the milling process is less accurate and is preferred less than the turning or grinding machining process.

Machining jobs have enabled manufacturers to design and produce complicated parts used in high tech industries such as aerospace and automobile. An increasing number of machining jobs are now being rendered using environmentally friendly techniques, such as water jet and laser, which are good for the future growth and development of manufacturing industries.

The Politics Behind Olympics Games

Among the Greeks, fitness competitions and games were nationalistic in spirit; states were said to have been prouder of Olympic victories than of battles won. Women, foreigners, slaves, and dishonored persons were forbidden to compete. Contestants were required to train faithfully for 10 months before the games and had to take an oath that they had fulfilled the training requirements before participating. At first, the Olympic Games were confined to running, but over time new events were added. The winners of the Olympics were crowned with chaplets of wild olive, and in their home city-states male champions were also awarded valuable gifts and privileges.

As a visible focus of world energies, the Olympic Games have been prey to many factors that have thwarted their ideals of world co-operation and athletic excellence. Like in ancient Greece, nationalistic fervour has fostered intense rivalries that have at times threatened the survival of the games. Although officially only individuals are able to win Olympic medals, nations routinely assign political significance to the feats of their citizens and teams. For example, between 1952 and 1988 rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union, rooted in mutual political antagonism, resulted in each boycotting games hosted by the other (Moscow, 1980; Los Angeles, 1984).

Politics has influenced the Olympic Games in other ways, from the propaganda of the Nazis in Berlin (1936) to pressures leading to the exclusion of white-ruled Rhodesia from the Munich games (1972). At Munich, nine Israeli athletes were kidnapped and murdered by Palestinian terrorists.

The International Olympic Committee (IOC), which sets and enforces Olympic policy, has struggled with the licensing and commercialisation of the games, the need to schedule events to accommodate television networks, and the monitoring of athletes who seek illegal competitive advantage, often through the use of performance-enhancing drugs. In 1998 a scandal erupted with revelations that bribery and favouritism had played a role in the awarding of the 2002 Winter Games to Salt Lake City, Utah, and in the selection of some earlier venues.

But, regardless of the Olympic Games tensions, it is historically proven that sports have acted as a liaison between nations and have greatly contributed to their evolution. Beginning with the sociological, psychological and physiological aspects of the human nature, sports have gained the praise of people worldwide, as they have contributed to their well being. Group-oriented, since in order to be a winner one has to compete, sport brings people closer together and generates team-spirit along with mind and physical awareness. But, whether or not the contemporary Olympic Games act as an opportunity for nations to learn from one another and cooperate or are just another opportunity for people to engage in competitive and hostile rivalries, only historians of the future will be able to judge with some certainty.

Private Jets: Reviewing the Embraer Legacy

Private jet operators have a good selection of aircraft models to choose from when considering their next purchase. In the cabin class size, the Boeing Business Jet, Airbus Corporate Jet, Gulfstream 450 and 550, as well as various Bombardier offerings and the Falcon 2000 all stand out. Embraer, the Brazilian aircraft manufacturer, is a new player and is represented by a pair of models under the Legacy name. The Legacy Shuttle is configured to carry from 16-39 passengers while the Legacy Executive typically carries 13-16 passengers. For private jet comparison we will look at what the Executive has to offer.

Matching up to aircraft in its class, the Legacy is similarly appointed. The Embraer has all the creature comforts usually found in an aircraft of its size; a well appointed cabin and a seating configuration for 13 or more passengers. Delivered aircraft typically feature fine quality hardwoods, fabrics and finishes, in addition to a sideboard, tables and a three-seat sofa. Passengers on the Legacy have access to Airshow systems, DVD, real time communications, telephone, and fax in the cabin. The cabin can be furnished with working tables for staff meetings and individual workstations at the required seats.

The Legacy features a full galley comparable to those found on many Gulfstreams and Falcons. Embraer claims to have the largest cabin volume of any super mid-size jet as well as the largest baggage compartment. In addition, the aircraft features three cabin zones which they claim is unique in this particular aircraft category.

Anyone approaching six feet in height would have to constantly bend their head to navigate the cabin. Like the Challenger 800, headroom is at a premium for taller individuals, thus passengers might be disappointed with the headroom if they are used to flying on a Gulfstream V.

With a range of 3,250 n.m. the Legacy is not the Global Express, but it does compare favorably dimension wise with other aircraft in the super mid-sized category. Prices are strongly competitive as well and it is a certainty that the Legacy will be examined closely by business aviation enthusiasts.

Sources: Legacy by Embraer sales brochure and Aerospace Technology at AerospaceTechnology.com; Based on an earlier review written by Matt Keegan of the Embraer Legacy displayed at the 2003 NBAA Convention in Orlando, Florida.

How Airbus Wings Came to Broughton North Wales

Developing and designing the world's largest airliner, the A380, was one thing. Where and how to build it would become one of the greatest engineering challenges of the century. Politics and scale (the individual wings were each over 100 feet long) were both greater than ever before.

Since the 1970s, Airbus had relied on its unique air transport system, "Beluga" Airbus Super Transports, to bring together Airbus sub-assemblies from all round Europe.

The new Airbus wings were expected to weigh about 77,000 pounds and the original plan was to transport each wing on top of an adapted Beluga. Another option was to build the wings in two main sections, with the outboard being made from composites. This would have enabled the Beluga to carry the sections, with only a minor mofdification required for the larger inner-wing root section. Aerospatiale, who wanted the A380 built in Toulouse, proposed using the Beluga and dividing the fuselage lengthwise into top and bottom sections. Uncertainty over the site of the final assembly line was arguably caused by the number of available choices.

Seville, Toulouse and Hamburg.

It was between Toulouse and Hamburg with Seville as a rank outsider, a political hot potato, particularly as DASA Airbus' prime bid for its Hamburg Finkenwerder site was an environmental controversy, but where would the enormous A380 wings be built?

Wing building was traditionally the UK's speciality, since Hawker Siddeley's initial contract to make the A300 wing. The West German government allocated DM 600 million, about half of which was for advanced wing work. The British Government, similarly, was lobbied by British Companies.

By 1999, the A380 wings were allocated to British Aerospace in Broughton near Chester, but the fuselage detail remained undecided. A single roll-on, roll-off ship that would make a weekly round-trip voyage taking in Aerospatiale's Saint-Nazaire factory, Chester in the United Kingdom, and Hamburg, delivering the subassemblies to support a rate of four aircraft per month, clinched it for Hamburg.

Hamburg Finkenwerder was also given the completing, furnishing, painting, and cabin production test flights. Hamburg also got responsibility for completing aircraft destined for European and Middle East customers, while Toulouse would take the rest of the world.

The production and sub-assembly transportation system was a fantastic logistical and industrial feat of planning, resulting in the Airbus multi-modal transport system (MMTS).

Antique Buttons

There is something intriguing about an antique - a long-ago far away feeling - that is almost enigmatic. A sort of mystery surrounds an antique object. Who were the people who first used it; what all has the object witnessed? History lives on through antiques.

Buttons are perhaps the most popular antique collectible. Buttons date back to ancient Egypt and China. But most antique buttons are from Europe and are not more than 200 years old. In fact, the period from 1830 to 1850 has been labeled as the Golden Age of buttons. Victorian buttons are an antique collector's delight. The black 'jet' buttons worn by the Queen while she was mourning the death of her husband are extremely rare and valuable.

Antique buttons with pictures engraved or painted on them are the best storytellers. They have truly captured the essence of the bygone times. Another kind of antique buttons is the 'realistic' buttons that are shaped like real objects. 'Habitat' buttons take the idea of realism a step further; they have dried plants or insects nicely sealed under glass domes.

Often made of precious material like gold, mother of pearl and ivory, and handcrafted by artists, antique buttons are priced very high. The older and more rare the buttons, the more valuable they are. An antique button can cost up to a few thousand dollars. Enthusiasts around the world collect antique buttons. Collectors' clubs organize competitions and exhibitions for its members. Antique buttons are increasingly being exhibited on the Internet.

Antique buttons came to be preserved because they were too beautiful to be thrown away. And in present times antique buttons hold a legacy that is too precious to be thrown away.

Global Economic Slowdown and Aviation Industry in India

Global economic slowdown reflects the impression of hard time in airline sectors of India too. The most popular airlines (Jet Airways, Kingfisher Airlines) which providing their operations in India are facing a tough time in festive seasons. The situation had become so worse that the management of various airlines services was forced to begin sacking of their employees as the aviation industry facing big loss.

The whole world witnessed the dramatic scene of firing of 1900 employees of Jet Airways those were taken back under the political pressure. Kingfisher Airlines which is principal rival of Jet Airways also declared some deduction in their number of employees.

The situation forced to sign an operational alliance between these two airline flights Jet Airways and Kingfisher Airlines. Just a few days ago all things were going well. Kingfisher Airlines had demanded for new air crafts also a few days ago but all of sudden the whole scene is changed and the airline postponed their decision of including new air crafts in the airline.

What is the reason behind this whole scene? Has the number of customers for various airline flights decreased? Have the airfares of various airline flights go down? Which are the factors which reduces the net profit of various airline flights services? These are the common queries which strike in brain of normal human beings.

Global economic slowdown may be one of the answers of all these questions which contribute its role to create this scene in India. The various airlines blame the high cost of air fuel in this year in India as compared to the rest of the market. As the aviation sector was growing last year in India. The various airline flights to India were competing in providing more facilities and deduction in air fares to attract the maximum number of air travelers.

Terrorism Remains a Political Issue For 2010 Elections

President Barrack Obama and his cadre of supporters are finding their worst nightmare coming true: the global war on terror is not going away.

The bad news for President Obama and the Democrats as the 2010 mid-term elections are not far away, and national security is gaining strength as a primary campaign issue, and one that will help Republicans.

This could force Democrats to defend their long-held belief that terrorism is more of a criminal justice issue than a military one. Republicans see it differently - they view the bad guys as military combatants, believe they should be treated as enemy soldiers, and processed through the military justice system.

President Obama established a new tone toward terrorism early in his Administration by quickly signaling that the U.S. would not use the term "global war on terror".

The President also gave an "all clear" signal to the Justice Department to investigate, and seek criminal prosecutions against, Bush Administration lawyers for legal advice they gave relative to enhance interrogation methods against terrorists in the aftermath of 9-11. This sent shivers up and down CIA headquarters in Langley, Virginia.

He kept his pledge to close the Guantanamo Detention Camp located in the southeast corner of Cuba - and plans to bring those terrorists to a federal facility in southern Illinois.

However, terrorism resurfaced in November with a shooting attack at a military base in Fort Hood, Texas. The public was alarmed when the Obama Administration - including the FBI - would not acknowledge the shootings as an act of terror, despite the attack resulting in 13 dead and 31 wounded.

On Christmas Day came yet another terrorist act, in an attempted bombing by a Nigerian man, with al-Qaida connections and training, of a commercial airliner headed for Detroit, Michigan.

While the attack failed - the Obama Administration once again bungled the aftermath. Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano pronounced, "the system worked" in describing the near-miss attack which would have killed everyone on board the Northwest jet airliner.

During this time President Obama remained silent for three days- only to finally call the attacker "an isolated extremist" - despite the fact that he had been recruited and trained by al-Qaida in Yemen specifically for the Christmas Day bombing attempt.

Once arrested, he was placed in the criminal justice system where he was afforded a lawyer who immediately advised his client to stop co-operating with authorities. Thus, the U.S. lost any chance of gleaning intelligence from the terrorist about other al-Qaida sponsored attacks.

Meanwhile, John Brennan, Assistant to the President, Homeland Security, told Fox News Sunday that no one in authority within the government had been signaled that the Nigerian man was a potential terrorist threat. "There was no smoking gun. No piece of intelligence that said this guy's a terrorist. He's going to get on a plane. No, not whatsoever", he said.

That was not true as the man's own father reportedly warned U.S. officials that his son was someone who needed to be watched closely. President Obama has said they "screwed up" and that authorities had plenty of information to uncover the plot before it ever got off the ground.

The public did not have the patience for the all-out assault against terrorism that punctuated the Bush years - but the fact remains the country was kept safe for seven years following the horrific events of September 11.

People are nervous about that record continuing under President Obama.

African-American Ministers Becoming Political Leaders

Many have debated the question as to why selected African-American ministers are normally political leaders in their respective communities. Traditionally, African-American ministers have been elected as leaders for various reasons. The most obvious is based on the fact that the church is the center of the community and the leadership of the community has traditionally come from the church as determined by the people in the community.

First and foremost, the African-American church was developed out of slavery in America. Christianity as a religion was the moving force which started the church. As a result, the people in slavery gained strength from the invisible church in the South, the visible one in the North, and the independent African Methodist Episcopal Church. Furthermore, the community was and still is the church, thus making African-American lives the center of the relationship impacting the church.

Secondly, the education of African descendants in America started in the church, which has resulted in the finding of jobs by the church. Additionally, politicians normally visited the community churches for support and in return have used a quid pro quo system to gain votes for political jobs and appointments.

Furthermore, the first major African-American businesses came out of the church, such as Ebony and Jet magazines by the subscriptions from the members. The mortician and funeral services were also supported by the church, including the African-American baseball league which played after Sunday services. Based on these activities, the ministers were in the forefront of community leadership, administration, and support of the people in the cities.

Next, the ministers have proven themselves by supporting the community and the community has always looked upon its ministers for leadership and support. Naturally, it is obvious that the African-American ministers were elected to represent the community over white politicians because they were most trusted by the town's people. They were dependable and could identify quite easily with the struggles of the community and the people with whom they lived.

Traditionally, ministers such as: Reverend Dr. Floyd Flakes, senior pastor of Allen A. M. E. Cathedral of New York in Jamaica, Queens, and President of Wilberforce University in Ohio, was elected as a congressman by his community. The Reverend Walter Edward Fauntroy, pastor of the New Bethel Baptist Church in Washington, DC, and a civil rights activist was also elected to the United States Congress by the African-American community. He was also a candidate for the 1972 Democratic presidential nomination. The Reverend Jesse Louis Jackson, Sr., civil rights activist and Baptist minister was a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1984 and 1988, and also served as shadow senator from the District of Columbia from 1991 to 1997.

Additionally, the Reverend Andrew Young, politician, diplomat and pastor from Georgia served as Mayor of Atlanta, a Congressman from the 5th district and United States Ambassador to the United Nations. Adam Clayton Powell, Jr., who served 14 terms in the U.S. House of Representatives, also came from the African-American areas. Rev. William H. Gray III, Pennsylvania Congressman and former head of the United Negro College Fund (UNCF) confided in the town's people. Last by not least, AME Church Bishop Henry McNeal Turner was elected to the Georgia Legislature in 1868 by the African-American regions. These are just a few of the ministers who were elected as political leaders by their community.

Recently, many have become disillusioned with the role of the African-American church and ministers. The issue surrounds the ineffectiveness of the church since the end of the civil right era from the 1970s which some stated has diminished. Many young men of African-American descent have now turned to Islam as a religion instead of Christianity for support. They have found more trust and confidence in Islam as a religion from Africa, and have viewed Christianity as a religion for Eurocentric people, whom invaded Africa, depleted its resources, and destroyed its kingdoms and dynasties.

Notwithstanding the elected offices, many African-American ministers have also served in high profiled positions across America. For example, Reverend Alfred Charles "Al" Sharpton, Jr., Baptist minister, civil rights activist, and radio talk show host who ran in 2004 for the Democratic nomination for the U. S. presidential election. Sharpton was also licensed and ordained a Pentecostal minister by Bishop F. D. Washington at the age of nine or ten years old. Recently Reverend Sharpton has called upon the ministers across America to support him in his quest to obtain assistance for the African-American regional members who are suffering from HIV/AIDS, which he classified as an epidemic in the community, a cause that requires an immediate solution.

Obviously, the African-American communities have supported its ministers and vice versa. The church which was born out of slavery and protest is the largest institution of American-American life. The church trusted its ministers and placed them in positions of leadership with authority to advocate for their rights.

Additionally, the historical black colleges and universities (HBCU) were started out of slavery. The churches and ministers in positions of leadership advocated for the HBCU establishment. Those who were fortunate enough to attend colleges gave such credit to the African-American churches and the leadership of its ministers, other clergy, and general staff.

Taking a deeper look, the community trusted its ministers more than other business leaders. Religious leaders were more apt to get the nod for office when it was election time over a non-religious leader in the community. It was the African-American ministers the community saw on Sunday mornings, at funerals, holiday picnics, weddings, and other community leadership events. The ministers helped the community instead of selling to or selling out the community.

The trust grew deeper with the ministers for a variety of reasons. For example, the ministers and churches providing bread baskets, soup kitchens, jobs, Christmas and Thanksgiving dinners, baptisms and birthday parties which the people loved. Additionally, places of refuge, personal and professional counseling, general assistance, reference letters for employment, places to grieve from hurt, and the like were also provided. The ministers were available and responded positively to the community.

Whites were also more apt to support an African-American minister for public office over someone who was not a minister because of religious and trust reasons. They supported the minister because they identified with the virtues and morality of the position, and the person, as in relation to someone who was not in such a position of leadership and public trust.

Naturally, it is obvious as to why African-American ministers are elected as political leaders by their community. The church is the community and vice versa, which grew out of slavery and protest. The establishment of a trusting relationship has long been a strong bond in the community. Additionally, advocating for the rights of the people of the community has held the ministers in favor of their constituency. Furthermore, the sustainment of faith during slavery and the civil rights struggle placed the African-American ministers in the forefront for public office by the African-American people.

Inflatable Aircraft Wing Camber Modification

Every aircraft is a compromise. It is either built to fly fast or slow to land in tight distances and carry more weight. It is a jet or propeller driven craft. It costs a lot with high tech materials or it is simplistic and has less performance. Aircraft are built for many reasons, each one maybe more or less important for its intended purpose. Some aircraft are made to slightly change in flight to serve a niche or a couple of niches better than comparable type aircraft. As we learn more about our options of materials in aerospace we learn of was to incorporate multiple uses and still maintain safety at low airspeeds and efficiency at high speeds.

I propose an inflatable wing camber modification system for modern day fighter aircraft to save on fuel and increase range. By increasing the lift on take off where much fuel is used we can increase the range of fighter aircraft in the battlespace while simultaneously increasing the payloads of smart munitions to kill, annihilate and destroy the enemy to serve our political will. Smile in preemption, it is about winning. The system would be recessed into two-inch deep areas on the wings. Consider the landing speeds of an F-104, consider the ability to decrease the weight of the landing gear and size of tires to increase payloads. Consider the ware and tear and maintenance costs, which would be saved? Consider the slow speed changes in flight characteristic and decreased safety risks in shorter take off and landing rolls. The performance changes would also vastly assist in close air support or carrier landing handling.

For UAVs the performance would allow additional time loitering in the battlespace with increased range and slow flight speeds would allow for better imagery to identify targets before eliminating them from this time period. Think on these concepts.

JetKonnect Best Economy Class Service

JetKonnect is referred to as a new economy class service which has been recently launched by one of the pioneers i.e. "Jet Airways". JetKonnect was designed with a purpose to meet the needs of the low fare segment. The air fare of this economy class is very affordable by the people of lower middle class and upper middle class of the society.

There is no compromise in the services provided by Jet Konnect. Excellent services and facilities are offered during the journey. Obviously, there are few major differences in the services offered in business class from those offered in the business class. But, the feedback of the passengers who regularly travel in the economy class is great and full of appreciations. Passengers are also offered attractive and competitive lower prices. Some additional discounts are also offered along with few special offers.

In a nutshell, JetKonnect caters to all the needs of the passengers who opt for low fare services. JetKonnect passengers are required to buy their meals during the journey. Jet Konnect have a separate code or flight numbers which helps the travel agents and passengers to distinctly identify them. This airline provides the flexibility which helps to meet the changing trends and requirements. Load factor and number of passengers have shown to be increased in Jet Konnect airlines by 70% and 35% respectively.

Detailed information about these airlines can be obtained from official website of Jet Konnect. It is always good to understand each and every detail before booking the air tickets. Schedule for booking the tickets for various destinations can also be found at this website. Payment for tickets and meals can be made online. JetKonnect airlines are making good amount of profit. These airlines are really performing well and are expected to improve more in future.

JetBlue Airlines Company

Jet Blue Airways Corporation is a business organization that offers a passenger air transportation services to the public in the United States. The main office of the company is located at Queens Boulevard Forest Hills, New York City. The company was founded in the year 1998 and has 9, 398 current full time employees. The subsidiary of Jet Blue Airways Corporation named Live TV and LLC are the resources in order to provide an in-flight entertainment programs and systems. The key executives of the company include Mr. David Barger as the Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Russell Chew as the President and Chief Operating Officer, and Mr. Edward Barnes who worked as the Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and Executive Vice President. The airline carrier is considered low-cost and low-fare that serves up to 47 destinations at present time. Hence, it can be said that Jet Blue Airways provide services with style and value.

The company's mission and vision is just simple, to bring humanity back to air travel. The reason why the company offers strategic and innovative services to its customers like offering wholesome entertainment, food and drinks on flight is to attract more travelers through its affordable airline passes. The company is simply customer-centric such that its first priority is the comfort and fun for its clients. Aside from that, Jet Blue Airways Corporation also reaches out to the public by being active into community service. Essentially, Jet Blue is committed to enriching the lives of children and supporting the communities they serve through their core values of caring, fun and passion. In connection, one of the best community services offered by the company is giving books to children of not wealthy parents in one of the cities in the United States.

The unwritten mission statement of Jet Blue Airways Corporation is reflected in its core values and principles created and set by the company. In lieu of mission statement, a strategic set of core values is being presented by Jet Blue Airways Corporation. These core values include safety, caring attitude, integrity, fun and passion. The company commits to safety as the first priority in all business operations. In order to do so, the company adheres to rules and regulations implemented by regulatory agencies whenever is needed. Maintaining high standards in a consistent manner is the primary goal of the company when it comes to safety matters. Thus, the company never compromises safety of its crew members and customers during and after flights. The company also takes social responsibility for the benefit of the people in general and strives to be a role model in the business community. The company cares for its employees and the customers in one way or another.

In addition, Jet Blue Airways Corporation strives to establish a reputation as a business organization with integrity. The company's leaders, employees specifically crew members demonstrate mutual respect, honesty and trust for an orderly and harmonious working relationship. The commitment to self-improvement that is imbued in the hearts of Jet Blue Airways' employees is the road to dedicated service and success in the airline industry. Basically, the company values fun during and after flights such that creating a friendly environment is a common gesture of its crew members. Finally, it is the passion of the company's employees to deliver first class and superior performance at all times.

How a Hot Tub in Spain - Can Help You to Recover From Jet Lag

Most people usually sleep much better after a nice refreshing hot bath and improving how you sleep will obviously help to reduce the effects of Jet Lag. Whenever possible you should enjoy a long therapeutic massage in a Hot Tub immediately after every long haul flight. Hydrotherapy not only relaxes your body by opening up your blood vessels, it also helps to dehydrate you.

It is a little known fact that at the beginning of a long haul flight the cabin humidity drops from an average of 50% down to 25% and as the flight progresses it comes down to 10% and it has even been recorded as low as 1% at the end of an intercontinental flight. Aircraft cabins are drier than some of the driest deserts on the planet earth. The result of this extremely dry air is dehydration of your body, particularly your skin which can cause discomfort, itchiness and also wrinkles.

During the flight you should drink lots of bottled water and try to breathe moist air from a damp handkerchief draped across your nose. Do not drink alcohol or coffee before or during the flight as these have diuretic properties, which drive moisture from your cells and can cause discomfort. You should also avoid eating food that is high in fat and salt (most airline meals) and stick to food that is high in carbohydrates such as fresh fruit and fruit juice, chocolate and biscuits are also high in carbohydrate.

As soon as possible after landing it would be a great idea to get into a Hot Tub for 20 minutes and let the magic of millions of Hydrotherapy Bubbles and Massage Jets sooth you back to normal.

Remember to continue to drink lots of fresh water for at least two days after your flight and try and have a 15 minute Hot Tub session morning and evening each day in the week following your flight.

But remember using your Hot Tub Jacuzzi style Spa is a great idea anyway irrespective of whether you have been flying.

The Evolution of Transportation

Rockets

A rocket is a vehicle that travels into the air at a very high speed. It burns fuel to make thrust. Thrust pushes, or propels, the rocket upward. A rocket engine ejects the thrust out of the bottom of the rocket. A lot of energy is required to propel a rocket into space. Energy is necessary to make things happen. Astronauts and cosmonauts are people who travel into space using rockets. Rockets also transport the satellites into their destination orbit. Satellites study the Earth and other objects in the universe.

Rocket Design and Travel

Multiple sections or stages make up the design of most rockets. Each stage contains its own fuel supply and rocket engine.

When its fuel is used up, a rocket is released. This lightens the weight of the rocket. It allows it to travel faster. A rocket needs to travel at least 17,700 miles per hour, (28,500 kilometers) to make it out of the atmosphere into space, which is the so-called "escape velocity". The part of the rocket that actually reaches space is often called a spacecraft.

Booster rockets

Some rockets get extra thrust from booster rockets. The scientists usually attach the boosters to the side of the main rocket. The space shuttle is both a rocket and an airplane. It releases two booster rockets. As the rocket uses up its fuel, it will also release an external fuel tank. The space shuttle lands like an airplane when it returns to Earth.

What Makes An Airplane Fly - Aviation English

Many people are wondering what exactly makes the airplane stay up in the air knowing that these are machine that obviously weigh heavier than the air. Some have a fear the airplane might suddenly fall out of the sky.

It is called lift or force that keeps the plane in the air. When the plane starts moving up there it generates lift or force. It is generated by every part of the plane, most specially the wings of the plane which push the air down. Specifically lift is a mechanical force function directly opposed with the equal weight of the plane that holds the plane in the air. Usually when plane takes off, the wings of the plane have enough airspeed to push it down hard enough on the air just to overcome the weight of the plane. It is important to build enough speed during the take off run to be able to fly a plane.

Normally lift will start to occur when you sense a moving flow of gas which is turned by a solid object. The flow is turned in one direction and the lift is generated in the opposite direction. Since air is a mixture of gases and molecules are moving freely, any solid surface prevents the occurrence of a flow. Both upper and lower wing surfaces of an aircraft contribute to the flow turning.

For turning in flight, most people are worried, and sometimes even panic, when a plane makes a steep turn. For this reason passenger planes keep their turns shallow. Always apply the noise abatement regulations during take off since take off creates noise which cannot be avoided. At this point it requires a sharp turn just to avoid noise-sensitive areas on the ground to lessen or avoid the passenger being frightened. It is also important to know that plane does not turn with its rudder. Actually there are different types of ways to of fly an airplane that you need to learn. Two of these are Inverted Flight and Knife-edge Flight.

Be aware that the lift must be in contact with fluid in order to make it work because if there is no fluid then there is also no lift. Also, make sure there is a motion between the object and the fluid to make the lift function. If there is no motion then there will be no lift. These are also the important things to be considered.

Pratt and Whitney F100 Jet Fighter Engine Lesson Forgotten by Obama Administration Politics

The Obama Administration has been playing politics with our military budget. This is so very alarming because the Federal Government's number one job is to protect our people. Under Obama it is not likely they'll be able to perform this duty and responsibility to the American People. The Obama Administration instead has offered up a myriad of social programs and political pay-backs for his rise to power under the auspices of stimulus to the tune of several Trillion Dollars.

This multi-trillion dollar spend thrift could indeed prove to be the worst thing that has ever happened to America. Future inflation and debt could eventually lead to the breakup, collapse or financial implosion of the greatest nation ever created in the history of mankind. With these horrible expenditures for non-essential items, we are stringing our military out to dry. In fact, the pre-Senatorial Obama in a very popular online video interview basically indicted he wanted to "gut the US Military" and apparently, by his actions, his deep belief in this matter has not changed.

After spending 3.5 Trillion Dollars in the first 100-days of his presidency, President Obama has offered up a meager 17 Billion Dollars in budget cuts. One of which is killing an alternative jet engine project for the JSF VTOL version aircraft. His administration says it is not needed. Baloney! In fact, surely his military budget advisors remember the fatally flawed Pratt and Whitney F100 engine that had so many problems that destroyed and killed so many F-16 pilots? What if there were a repeat scenario and we thus, did not have stealth technology in a regional war?

This would leave us vulnerable, our allies that bought them, and our own fighters grounded, it would mean all the money invested in these aircraft would be for not. Secondly, the sixth generation fighters are just around the corner and several of our black project "OMG" or Oh My God "X-planes" like the OMG X-66 or the OMG X68 stealth UAV might need whatever is learned from these alternative jet engine projects. How can we trust a President that will sacrifice our military defense strength, as a political tool to promote his spend thrift ways? I dare say any President that would do that is "Unfit to Lead" this great nation. Think on that.

Did President Obama and Democrat Senators Miss-Speak - Corporate Jet Dilemma

Some or should I say most believe that corporations have lavishly spent in excessive ways on the backs of labor and the price gouging of consumers and customers. But, I ask is this so? We've certainly seen the blunt of this attitude in the US Congress, Senate and even with the President as they decry the use of corporate jet aircraft.

One might tend to agree with these politicians, even if the President of the US flies in the largest Corporate Aircraft in history; a 747 called Air Force One! We also know that many lobbyists have corporate jets at their disposal and fly our legislators and families to Caribbean Islands for important meetings. Sound like hypocrisy to you? It sure does to me.

Currently, all this negative talk about corporate aircraft has some serious consequences right now in the aviation sector. More than 8,000 aircraft manufacturing employees have lost their jobs. Why, because of comments made by the elected President of the United States of America and our legislators. I think those employees deserve an apology.

President Obama has very much hurt investor and consumer confidence in our country while trying to get his stimulus package passed and while he and his team have been working the media for their own political agendas, endeavors, political payoffs and future, their very words have made things worse. That is completely unacceptable in my professional opinion.

If you will recall for 21-months Obama talked down our economy, now that he is elected and in-charge, rather than giving "the hope" he promised he continues to drive down the market, confidence and has us teetering on a mega-crisis. And in no sector of our economy is that more apparent than in the Corporate Jet industry. Thanks a lot.

Traveling By A Private Jet

Traveling by private jet is convenient, and seems quite glamorous to many people. Private jet charter is a privilege and a luxury few people ever know or experience. Given these perceptions, you may be surprised to know that private jets and charter flight had very humble and even uncertain beginnings.

You may also be surprised to learn that jet-powered aircraft actually predate charter flight itself. The first jet-propelled aircraft was built nearly one hundred years ago by a Romanian inventor, Henri Coanda. An odd-looking aircraft, it was a type of thermojet that used a compressor instead of a propeller, which exhausted hot gases along the side of the machine at great velocity that actually provided a reactive force, pushing the plane forward. During its first and only flight in December of 1910, Coanda noticed that the burning gases had a tendency to hug the sides of the aircraft - known to this day as the "Coanda Effect," which is why both commercial and private jet engines are mounted either at the rear of the plane, or far out on the wings.

Similar engines were developed during the 1930's and 40's. The first practical, true turbojet - the Heinkel He 178 - actually flew in 1939. Due to the conservatism of German Air Force authorities however and political maneuvering within the German military, this jet fighter was never to see service. The first operational jet aircraft to see action was the Messerschmitt Me 262, which first flew in combat in April, 1944, little over a year before Germany's defeat. After World War II, this technology was quickly employed by the U.S. Army Air Corps (later the Air Force) and Britain's Royal Air Force. The British were actually the first to make jet engine technology available to the civilian market: the De Havilland Comet became the first commercial jet airliner around 1950. After nearly sixty years, many of these are still in service as transport planes for the Royal Air Force.

Business aircraft had been around since the early 1930's, but it wasn't until 1964 that the first small private jet was manufactured and offered to the general public. The Learjet 23 was actually based on a proposed fighter-jet design for the Swiss Air Force. The Swiss passed on the design, but William P. Lear saw its potential - and with this aircraft, a new market for efficient, high-speed private jet charter was opened.

The Learjet 23 was followed by several more models, and competing companies entered the fray as well. Today, when you book your private jet charter, you'll very likely be flying a Learjet 60, a Gulfstream IV or a Cessna Citation X, depending on your destination, needs and schedule.

Article on Building Your Solar Energy System

Many people now start thinking about alternative way to get electricity because of high prices of gas, oil and electricity. So everyone wants to minimize their expenses as much as they can. In the recent years solar power systems gained outstanding popularity among peoples around the world to generate their own electric energy because of the increasing prices of electricity.

Basically there are two kinds of solar panel, Thermal panel and Photovoltaic Panel. Photovoltaic (PV) panels absorb sun ray then convert them in electricity then this electricity is stored in batteries and send them into inverter which convert direct current into alternate current (AC) to make it usable for home appliances while thermal panel mostly use for heating water for swimming pools etc.

There are many Governments who encouraging their citizen for installing solar system by providing many kind of facilities like interest-free loan, discount of taxes. Many states have recently started giving tax rebate to those houses which have solar panel installed and according to recent stats, it shows solar system produced 1 kilowatt (KW) at cost of 5 cent. So, if you compare all the advantages of building solar system at your home you may cover up your investment in 1 to 2 years period. Moreover, you are also helping our Earth to fight against global warming and green house effect.

Many people think it is difficult to generate electricity from solar system. Let me tell you, it is not as difficult as many people think. Due to popularity of this technique of generating solar energy, there are many books and information available around the internet which provides you exact step-by-step instruction to build your own solar power system.

Brac Residential Graywater Systems Can Conserve Up to 40% of Your Water Use

If you're not familiar with the term "graywater," it refers to water that has been used once for showers or laundry and can be used again for filling toilets, (and sometimes watering lawns as well). Some systems will also take water from sump pumps that can be pumped into a recovery tank. The point about reusing water is that it prevents the use of "potable" (treated, drinking) water for being used for things like flushing toilets. In an average family household, the largest water consumption activities are:

• Showers and baths: 35%
• Toilet flushing: 30%
• Laundry: 20%
• Kitchen and drinking: 10%
• Cleaning: 5%

Many of the municipalities around the Greater Toronto Area are looking to reduce water consumption. As more people move into the GTA, more pressure is put on our water system. If we can reduce water use we can delay infrastructure upgrades, save energy costs (water treatment costs), and most importantly, conserve fresh water use.

Enter the graywater system. A graywater system can conserve 35-40% of your water consumption by taking all water used from showers and baths and direct it to fill you toilet bowls, thereby displacing 30% of your total household water consumption. In fact, at current water rates, Chris Thompson of Project Innovations, estimates that a homeowner would save 30-40% on their water bill annually with a graywater system.

After going through a second use in toilets, the water is then flushed into the main sewage system.

In addition to the advantages already mentioned, there are a few others as well:

• It is not dependent on rainwater.
• It can be used with low-flow toilets and showers.
• It means that potable (treated, drinking) water is not used for flushing toilets.
• It eases the burden on the city sewage treatment system.

The main drawbacks of a greywater system:

• Retrofitting an already built home is difficult unless a renovation is being undertaken.
• The tank requires a certain amount of space in your basement.

I contacted Chris to ask him a few questions about a graywater system:
1. How much does a system usually cost and what does the cost include? (design, installation of pipes, and tank?).
[Chris Thompson] Systems start at $2190 for a modest sized home with a typical family. Installation varies depending on the home. For new construction or renovations where there is already some plumbing work being done or simple retrofits where the plumbing is exposed or easy to get to, the installation cost ranges from $300-$800 including materials. This would include all of the rough in materials (pipes), valves and fittings and labour required.

2. Do you take care of the design and installation for single family homes or do you work only with developments?
[Chris Thompson] I or one of my dealers would provide support to the plumber who would do the rough in and make the system connections. This is mainly a plumbing job and it must be done to comply with Ontario Building Code. Most plumbers need only a little bit of guidance from us to be able to do the installation. The dealer can also provide start-up and an orientation for the homeowner if required.

3. Is Brac the only residential greywater system available in Canada? Are you the sole distributor in Ontario?
[Chris Thompson] Brac is currently the only approved residential system in Ontario and yes, I am building the dealer network for the province now.

4. If you are completely renovating a house, as in tearing back to the studs, can you install a system?
[Chris Thompson] That would be the simplest of all installations.

5. Does it work with low-flow showers, toilets and water efficient washing machines and dishwashers?
[Chris Thompson] With a Brac System, there is no need to upgrade beyond 6l toilets as all of the water will be reclaimed and 6L toilets will become 0L toilets. Having said that, dual flush or low flush toilets will increase the capacity of the system. ie. The RGW150 is ideal for a family of 4. With dual flush toilets, it would be more capable of handling 6 occupants.
Most of the good low flow shower heads restrict water to about 7 litres per minute (much less and people tend to shower longer and don't get a comfortable shower). With an average shower length of 10 minutes, 70L of greywater would be reclaimed. On average, we flush 7 times per day per person or 42L with 6L toilets. This means there will usually be a surplus, even with low flow shower heads.

Because there is a surplus, we typically do not connect the laundry because we already have enough water. In some installations, it is difficult to get to all of the showers and we might tie in the laundry to supplement. The impact is that lint will need to be cleaned from the filter more often and colour will get through the filter.

We never collect from kitchen sources due to the organics and oils that are present.
6. You mention on your website that some municipalities are thinking of offering incentives for installation, are there any that you know of that do that in Ontario?
[Chris Thompson] Guelph is the first. They are just finishing up a pilot rebate that was to cover the first 30 systems installed in new construction through selected builders. They are in the process now of implementing a permanent rebate of $1000 for anybody who wants to install a system. When all of this becomes final, I will be approaching other municipalities with the details.

Crucial Information on Choosing a Wood Burning Insert

One of the best ways to heat your home is to install a really good wood burning fireplace insert. These can be extremely heat efficient, and can heat your house to a really good temperature, even in the middle of winter. However there are some considerations that need to be borne in mind before making your final choice of unit, and in this article we'll take a look at these to enable you to make the correct choice.

The first thing that needs to be considered is the amount of heat that is needed. Some people will buy a small unit and find that it is not sufficient to heat the house properly, while others will buy a large unit and then find that they have paid too much for something that they do not really need. In this case it is always a good idea to get the help of a professional heating engineer, who will take a look at the size of your house, the number of rooms, how exposed your house is, and also take account of the weather conditions in your local area, before giving you a recommendation as to the size of wood fired heating system that you need.

The next thing to bear in mind is that you will need to have a venting system installed. For many properties this is not a problem, especially if the property is fairly old and already has a working fireplace in place. However if you are in a modern building it may be that you need to have some construction work carried out in order to have the flue system put in place. This is something that you cannot do without, because it is absolutely essential that any toxic fumes are taken away from the living area.

You also need to think about the amount of clearance that you need before fitting the fire insert. If you are a fitting the insert into an old fireplace you need to and see that you have a certain amount of clearance on each side so that the heat will not destroy or damage the decoration on the walls. It can be an idea to fit a standalone wood fireplace, which will still need to be vented, probably through the ceiling, but this will get rid of the need to have clearance since it will be fitted in an open space.

Once you have taken all these considerations to mind you will be certain to find a wood fired heating system that will give you all the heat you need and it will also operate in a safe manner.

Winner-Take-All Politics: How Washington Made the Rich Richer--and Turned Its Back on the Middle Class

A groundbreaking work that identifies the real culprit behind one of the great economic crimes of our time— the growing inequality of incomes between the vast majority of Americans and the richest of the rich. We all know that the very rich have gotten a lot richer these past few decades while most Americans haven’t. In fact, the exorbitantly paid have continued to thrive during the current economic crisis, even as the rest of Americans have continued to fall behind. Why do the “haveit- alls” have so much more? And how have they managed to restructure the economy to reap the lion’s share of the gains and shift the costs of their new economic playground downward, tearing new holes in the safety net and saddling all of us with increased debt and risk? Lots of so-called experts claim to have solved this great mystery, but no one has really gotten to the bottom of it—until now. In their lively and provocative Winner-Take-All Politics, renowned political scientists Jacob S. Hacker and Paul Pierson demonstrate convincingly that the usual suspects—foreign trade and financial globalization, technological changes in the workplace, increased education at the top—are largely innocent of the charges against them. Instead, they indict an unlikely suspect and take us on an entertaining tour of the mountain of evidence against the culprit. The guilty party is American politics. Runaway inequality and the present economic crisis reflect what government has done to aid the rich and what it has not done to safeguard the interests of the middle class. The winner-take-all economy is primarily a result of winner-take-all politics. In an innovative historical departure, Hacker and Pierson trace the rise of the winner-take-all economy back to the late 1970s when, under a Democratic president and a Democratic Congress, a major transformation of American politics occurred. With big business and conservative ideologues organizing themselves to undo the regulations and progressive tax policies that had helped ensure a fair distribution of economic rewards, deregulation got under way, taxes were cut for the wealthiest, and business decisively defeated labor in Washington. And this transformation continued under Reagan and the Bushes as well as under Clinton, with both parties catering to the interests of those at the very top. Hacker and Pierson’s gripping narration of the epic battles waged during President Obama’s first two years in office reveals an unpleasant but catalyzing truth: winner-take-all politics, while under challenge, is still very much with us. Winner-Take-All Politics—part revelatory history, part political analysis, part intellectual journey— shows how a political system that traditionally has been responsive to the interests of the middle class has been hijacked by the superrich. In doing so, it not only changes how we think about American politics, but also points the way to rebuilding a democracy that serves the interests of the many rather than just those of the wealthy few.

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